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Historical review of automatic writing machines ×
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EPISTÉMÈ Vol.26 pp.241-253
Historical review of automatic writing machines
Key Words : Human-Machine Interaction,Automated Writing Machines,Maillardet's automaton,ELIZA
Abstract
By examining the history of automated writing machines, this paper will examine machines that resemble humans and the narratives surrounding them. The advent of artificial intelligence in the 21st century has profoundly altered the landscape of natural language mechanization. Artificial intelligence continues to evolve, and the fantasy of machine humanization is becoming a reality. Writing machines have continuously appeared in the realm of natural human language, driven by people's aspirations for automated language production and humanized machines. Automated writing machines signaled the potential for machines that could think. The technological narratives of each era illustrate the evolution of artificial intelligence. In 1805, Swiss mechanician Henri Maillardet built his Draughtsman-Writer, an automaton of a human figure writing on a piece of paper. A century and a half later, Joseph Weizenbaum and his colleagues gave us ELIZA, a natural language computer program simulating human conversations. Today, there are AI programs designed to create narratives and other writing, and the technology and discourses surrounding continue to evolve.