The research object of linguistics is the spoken characters, or the spoken language, which follow the principle of linearity. However, Chinese is an exception, with its characters as the second language. This is why Saussure concludes that Chinese is absolutely diverse. His second conclusion, then, is that Chinese is a language for critical thinking. This paper explores the Chinese language system, starting from segmenting the acoustic chain, where the issue of segmentation comes naturally. How can we segment Chinese characters? We find that the components of characters imply the way of segmentation, as is shown in the number of Seven and Eight. Why Seven and Eight? We attempt to find the reasons through two myths about the origin of Chinese character writing: He-tu and Luo-shu. This paper also studies the structure of symbols of Chinese characters with the support of the first Chinese dictionary, Shuowen Jiezi, and confirms Saussure's assertion of Chinese. The exploration of the segmentation approach also verifies Saussure's conclusion that linguistic symbols are a pure value system, and that the critical nature of Chinese is fully realized in the exploration of value systems. The Chinese language system and Saussure's theory fit each other well.