Confinement has been, for France, the best way to reduce the spread of Covid-19 pandemic. If confinement seems synonymous of respect of the environment, what presages the forthcoming deconfinement? American, Italian, French researchers do not hesitate to mention the links between fine particles pollution and the coronavirus spread. Two pandemic transmission ways are addressed, the transmission via buccal et nasal droplets spread by humans in the atmosphere and the virus survival and travel possibility on fine particles. Finally, the previous degradation of the respiratory system due to the massive spread of the fine particles in the atmosphere facilitate the virus penetration within the respiratory paths. Like Ebola, SARS-CoV, Asian flu, Aids, Covid-19 is related to the animal world. These increasingly virulent zoonoses illustrate the relationship between the human and the nature he is manhandling. Knowing that the biodiversity destruction becomes a humanity threat, will deconfinement and economic recovery take them into account for avoiding to reach the same environmental dead ends? In Europe and in France several voices request that economic recovery be accompanied by the consciences deconfinement.

Teleworking during a confinement period, suddenly implemented in France on March 17, 2020, has been in the news for the past few weeks. Research fields on telework have frequently been the opportunity to present promising benefits for employees : time savings due to the absence of travail, work-life balance, flexible working hours, silent environment in order to escape the noisy demands of repetitive word. The deployment of digital relationships and the daily congestion in large cities reinforce these expectations. Il the need to protect the health of employees in order to ensure a certain balance between the modality of remote work and the protection of privacy, no study has taken into account the telework imposed in the context of suprecedented confinement. The challenges of social isolation and damage to professional psychological health are an opportunity to reflect on homowork, especially when it is based on recourse without preparation and without prior consultation. In this context, the human consequences are difficult to grasp, the phenomina of resilience juste as much. This means that feedback is essential to undestand situation for employees in confinement. How does the development of the continuity of remote work during a pandemic pose a social risck for employees ? How does the organization pay attention to the employees forced by the situation ? What work from the experience of employees can we produce for scientific research ? An exploratory approach has led to favorient a reflection of Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) type relatively open to secondary sources (newpapers, television programs, internet). Then we proceedet to the coding of the transcribed interviews and to the writing of explanatory memos which allow to keep the thoughts, the comments to explore. Howewer, we cannot yet envisage the full scope of the form of improvised or clandestine organization of the work of employees constrained by the health situation which will emerge from this unprecedented situation in periods of confinement. In any cas, it appears that the lack of preparation of this particular experience for unknown circumstances becomes an identity analyzer of the practice of teleworking of tomorrow.

The article presents a semiotic approach to the space of glamor and fashion in the cinematographic works of director Andrei Konchalovsky and stylist Yana Nedzvetskaya. What are the semiotic features of the gloss space? How does the transition from the space of existence to the space of experience take place? What is the link between the « center – periphery » movement and the loss of identity?

Famous for being untranslatable, culture specific elements are an obstacle that can be overcome during the translation process. They are linguistic testimonies of immanent connotations, of different world outlooks, or even of socio-cultural trasfer of realia present in the source culture, but absent from the target culture. The study of Romanian culture specific elements of the past referring to the field of customs and beliefs, to the material culture shows that there are useful strategies that the translator may resort to: direct literal translation, adaptation, explicitation, while experiencing an entire rethinking process.

The purpose of this research is to study the polarized discourse as encoded in the ideological structures of reports by the two Iranian and American news websites: CNN and Press TV. The researcher analyzes online news texts on the US sanctions against Iran from the randomly selected news during a specific period of time. The study of these news reports is implemented in the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. The ideological characteristics of the polarization are found in the quotation patterns and labeling. Therefore, this research draws an inference at how the two news websites represent a distinction between ‘us' versus ‘them' by emphasizing the in-groups and de-emphasizing the out-groups. Moreover, it is proved that the news texts of each website devalue statements by the ‘other' who is not present and, in this regard, direct quotations are avoided.

The present study seeks to analyze cultural semiotics of carpet and furniture place, as significant objects rooted in Iranian culture for centuries, and in the process of paradigmatic and syntagmatic, they examine the functional, anthropological, semantic and value differences in Iranian cultural discourse. Thus, the main question is “what has been the influence of carpet and furniture as the main household objects in Iranian lifestyles during the contemporary era, and what elements and concepts of our identity and culture have transformed in this interaction?”. According to the findings of this research, it can be argued that carpet, together with many of its meanings in the contemporary era, has lost its central position, become smaller and found an auxiliary function alongside other furniture. Its practical value has diminished, and sometimes has an amusing aspect, while the furniture has enjoyed many signs meanings and has not only changed Iran's lifestyle in the contemporary era, but it also caused a greater distinction and formality of communications. It also acts as a sign of power and distinctive relations. As a result, it is understood how the objects are measured and valued based on social class and tastes in the contemporary lifestyle.

Thanks to the globalisation, it has become so easy for people to communicate with each other and variety of means have been developed to facilitate this process. International languages have played an important role in the development of globalisation. It can be argued that communicating in international languages has become the very first step in getting involved in this process. The main goal of learning a language is to develop one's proficiency in communicating effectively with others and understand the differences that may rise either linguistically or culturally in different contexts. To achieve it, language learners' cultural competence is required to be developed and this would also enable them to develop new perceptions towards their own culture as well as others'. This article aims at addressing the issue of cultural competence as one of the most vital aspects of language teaching as well as its development as time passes by.

Artworks that have traditionally been placed inside museums are now being transformed by and understood within the digital space of Instagram – a dominant visually oriented social media platform. The current essay presents an ontological reasoning, attempting to explicate the changing conditions of art, and further, the transformation of its aura, remediated by new social media. Drawing on seminal theoretical works by Walter Benjamin (1969), and Bolter and Grusin (2000), the altered ways of consuming and experiencing art in the contemporary world are critically discussed. The understanding of the hyper-mediated art experiences of Instagram users, who are characterized as postmodern digital ‘tourists,' is followed by an attempt to reinterpret the concept of aura, which is inevitably influenced by the highly interactive, visually oriented new social media. It is suggested as a conclusion that the reflections on the changing modes of art consumption in the designated space of museums versus in the digital space of Instagram lead to a problematization of the museums' role in the current social media age, and further, of the social media's approach to the digital sharing of artworks.

This article focuses on singularities, that is, rare, abnormal, exceptional, or unusual things throughout the history of Philosophy, science, or arts. Considered in the light of the principle according to which, there is no science of the particular, the singularities, however at the source of many discoveries, have long been ignored or rejected on the side of the Wonders before being, rather belatedly , regarded as the origin of forms, of the very life of the universe. This article reports on this major epistemological reversal.

The aim of this paper is to analyze Prieto's reading of Éric Buyssens' seminal work on semiology, Les langages et le discours, Essai de linguistique fonctionnelle dans le cadre de la sémiologie. The analysis is made from two perspectives: a historical perspective and a theoretical perspective. The historical perspective presents the context, regarding Prieto's academic work, within which Prieto read Buyssens, for this we take into consideration the papers Prieto published in second half of the 50's and the research reports from 1962 to 1965 that are held in the Prieto archives at the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. The theoretical perspective is mainly grounded on the hypothesis that Prieto made a “cognitive reading” of Buyssens' claims. The analysis is divided according to three thematic areas: (a) the treatment of “abstraction” in Buyssens and in Prieto, (b) the problem of the delimitation of functional units as a cognitive problem, and (c) the distinction between communication versus indication.